Cardiac pressures

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Right Atrium: 0-8 mmHg mean


Right Ventricle

  • Systolic: 15-30 mmHg
  • Diastolic: 0-8 mmHg


Pulmonary Artery

  • Systolic: 15-30 mmHg
  • Diastolic: 3-12 mmHg


Pulmonary Hypertension

  • Systolic PA pressure > 30 mmHg or mean pressure > 18 mmHg
  • Enlarged central PA, > 30 mm main or 20 mm of right PA
  • Enlarged RV
  • Calcification of PA


  • Primary Pulmonary HTN - diagnosis of exclusion - classically young women
  • Secondary Pulmonary HTN
    • Chronic lung disease - COPD, emphysema, fibrosis
    • Chronic PE
    • Mitral stenosis
    • Left to Right shunt (ASD, VSD, PAPVR, PDA)
    • Schistosomiais - most common worldwide, not in US